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19 changes: 19 additions & 0 deletions .cspell-project-words.txt
Original file line number Diff line number Diff line change
Expand Up @@ -292,3 +292,22 @@ AIME
ASHA
BLEU
seqeval
MMLU
evals
Evals
Smol
zwitterions
LUMO
LAION
captioner
autointerp
Autointerp
Zyda
xxhash
WARC
Trafilatura
OLMES
Enamine
cloze
acryloyl
McNemar
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6 changes: 2 additions & 4 deletions content/tutorials/_index.md
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Expand Up @@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ Financial research, trading, and other fintech workloads.
{{< /link-card >}}

{{< link-card target="frontier-ai" icon="stars" title="Frontier AI" >}}
Frontier-model pretraining, automated experimentation, and large-scale AI workloads.
The everyday workloads of frontier AI labs: pretraining, data curation for text and video, evals on every checkpoint, interpretability, and AI-driven science.
{{< /link-card >}}

{{< /grid >}}
Expand Down Expand Up @@ -57,11 +57,9 @@ Training, fine-tuning, and hyperparameter optimization of models at scale.
Train, benchmark, serve, and continually retrain draft models that make an LLM generate faster without changing its outputs.
{{< /link-card >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="reinforcement-learning" icon="trophy" title="Reinforcement Learning" >}}
Reinforcement learning on Union, from RL for LLMs to humanoid locomotion, model-written rewards, and self-play.
Reinforcement learning for LLMs, agents, robots, and games: GRPO, durable agentic RL, humanoid locomotion, model-written rewards, and self-play.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="data-processing" icon="stack" title="Data Processing" >}}
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67 changes: 63 additions & 4 deletions content/tutorials/frontier-ai/_index.md
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@@ -1,24 +1,83 @@
---
title: Frontier AI
icon: stars
description: Frontier-model pretraining, automated experimentation, and large-scale AI workloads.
description: "The everyday workloads of frontier AI labs: pretraining, data curation for text and video, evals on every checkpoint, interpretability, and AI-driven science."
weight: 4
variants: +flyte +union
sidebar_expanded: true
---

# Frontier AI

Tutorials for frontier-model pretraining, automated experimentation, and large-scale AI workloads.
Tutorials for the workloads of frontier AI labs.

{{< variant union >}}
{{< markdown >}}

The headline training run is a small part of what a frontier AI lab does. Most of the work
around it falls into three kinds:

- **Data factories:** turning raw web text, video, audio, or lab measurements into training data,
with every filter versioned and every document or clip traceable to the stage that kept it.
- **Decisions from many small runs:** which checkpoint to ship, which data to keep, which
candidate to send to an expensive experiment.
- **Continuous measurement:** benchmarks on every checkpoint, and interpretability tools that
look inside the model.

These tutorials follow those workloads at a scale that runs in minutes, each tested end to end
on a Union cluster. Each one names the labs and papers it is modeled on.

| Tutorial | Who does this | What makes it hard at scale |
| --- | --- | --- |
| [Distributed LLM pretraining](./distributed-pretraining/_index) | Every foundation model lab | Multi-GPU training that has to survive failures and stream data |
| [Refine a pretraining corpus](./pretraining-data-refinery/_index) | Pretraining data teams, as in FineWeb-Edu, Essential-Web, and Zyda-2 | Billions of documents, CPU and GPU stages, and LLM labels that cost too much to run on everything |
| [Evaluate every checkpoint](./checkpoint-evals/_index) | Post-training and evals teams, as in OLMo and OLMES | Evals that must keep up with training without slowing it, and never re-run when nothing changed |
| [Curate a video dataset for generative video](./video-data-curation/_index) | Generative video and world-model labs, as in Open-Sora and Stable Video Diffusion | Hours of footage through decoders, scoring models, and captioners on different hardware |
| [Find features in a language model with sparse autoencoders](./sparse-autoencoders/_index) | Interpretability teams, as in Scaling Monosemanticity and Gemma Scope | Terabytes of activations, a grid of training runs, and thousands of LLM calls to label features |
| [Closed-loop molecular discovery](./closed-loop-discovery/_index) | AI-for-science labs that run autonomous experiments | A slow, failure-prone oracle, a loop that runs for days, and a scientist who approves each batch |

{{< /markdown >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< grid >}}

{{< link-card target="distributed-pretraining" icon="cpu" title="Distributed LLM pretraining" >}}
Pretrain large language models at scale with PyTorch Lightning, FSDP, and H200 GPUs, featuring streaming data and real-time metrics.
{{< /link-card >}}

{{< link-card target="agentic-rl-skyrl" icon="arrow-repeat" title="Durable agentic RL with SkyRL and Harbor" >}}
Make SkyRL/Harbor-style agentic RL rollouts durable — trials that survive driver crashes, judges that are never re-billed, and training steps that apply exactly once.
{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="pretraining-data-refinery" icon="filter" title="Refine a pretraining corpus" >}}
Turn raw web text into pretraining data with heuristic filters, global deduplication, eval decontamination, and a quality classifier distilled from LLM labels.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="checkpoint-evals" icon="clipboard-check" title="Evaluate every checkpoint" >}}
Publish every checkpoint of a fine-tuning run as an artifact version, let an artifact trigger run a benchmark suite on each one while training continues, and promote the checkpoint that wins a ship rule.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="video-data-curation" icon="film" title="Curate a video dataset for generative video" >}}
Cut long-form films into shots, score every clip for exposure, blur, on-screen text, aesthetics and motion on pools of CPU and GPU workers, caption the keepers with a small vision-language model, and publish the result as a dataset artifact.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="sparse-autoencoders" icon="search" title="Find features in a language model with sparse autoencoders" >}}
Harvest a language model's activations once, train a grid of TopK sparse autoencoders in parallel on GPUs, and have Claude label and score the features they find.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< variant union >}}
{{< link-card target="closed-loop-discovery" icon="eyedropper" title="Closed-loop molecular discovery" >}}
An active learning loop where a surrogate model proposes molecules, a quantum chemistry oracle measures them on a warm CPU pool, and a scientist approves each batch before it runs.
{{< /link-card >}}
{{< /variant >}}

{{< /grid >}}

## Related

- [Reinforcement learning](../reinforcement-learning/_index): RL for LLMs, agents, robots, and games, including durable agentic RL with SkyRL and Harbor.
- [Speculative decoding models](../speculative-decoding/_index): train and serve draft models that make an LLM generate faster.
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