diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/worker.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/worker.spec.ts
index 7fc52aa7f6c608..a6e8319e9fc2b1 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/worker.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/worker.spec.ts
@@ -1,10 +1,33 @@
 import { resolve } from 'node:path'
-import { expect, test } from 'vitest'
+import { describe, expect, test } from 'vitest'
 import type { OutputChunk, RolldownOutput } from 'rolldown'
 import { build } from '../../build'
+import { splitWorkerRequest } from '../../plugins/worker'
 
 const fixturesDir = resolve(import.meta.dirname, 'fixtures')
 
+describe('splitWorkerRequest', () => {
+  for (const [id, postfix] of [
+    ['/worker.js', ''],
+    ['/worker.js#hash', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?worker', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?sharedworker', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?inline', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?url', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?worker&url', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?worker&inline', ''],
+    ['/worker.js?worker&foo&url&bar', '?foo&bar'],
+    ['/worker.js?worker&foo&inline', '?foo'],
+    ['/worker.js?foo&bar', '?foo&bar'],
+    ['/worker.js?foo=foo&worker&bar=bar', '?foo=foo&bar=bar'],
+    ['/worker.js?foo&bar&worker', '?foo&bar'],
+  ]) {
+    test(`splits ${id}`, () => {
+      expect(splitWorkerRequest(id)).toEqual({ file: '/worker.js', postfix })
+    })
+  }
+})
+
 test('?worker&url should produce the same hash in client and SSR builds', async () => {
   const root = resolve(fixturesDir, 'worker-url')
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.spec.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.spec.ts
index 348e3e39be0147..517947b1800667 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.spec.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/__tests__/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.spec.ts
@@ -253,4 +253,14 @@ new Worker(
       )"
     `)
   })
+
+  test('preserves custom search params in worker URL', async () => {
+    expect(
+      await transform(
+        'new Worker(new URL("./worker.js?foo=bar&baz=qux", import.meta.url), { type: "module" })',
+      ),
+    ).toMatchInlineSnapshot(
+      '"new Worker(new URL(/* @vite-ignore */ "/worker.js?worker_file&type=module&foo=bar&baz=qux", \'\' + import.meta.url), { type: "module" })"',
+    )
+  })
 })
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/worker.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/worker.ts
index 154c2230a0dbd3..55670a3f43968c 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/worker.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/worker.ts
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
   injectQuery,
   normalizePath,
   prettifyUrl,
+  trailingSeparatorRE,
   urlRE,
 } from '../utils'
 import {
@@ -29,7 +30,7 @@ import {
   onRollupLog,
   toOutputFilePathInJS,
 } from '../build'
-import { cleanUrl } from '../../shared/utils'
+import { cleanUrl, splitFileAndPostfix } from '../../shared/utils'
 import type { Logger } from '../logger'
 import { fileToUrl, toOutputFilePathInJSForBundledDev } from './asset'
 
@@ -238,6 +239,24 @@ export const workerOrSharedWorkerRE: RegExp =
   /(?:\?|&)(worker|sharedworker)(?:&|$)/
 const workerFileRE = /(?:\?|&)worker_file&type=(\w+)(?:&|$)/
 const inlineRE = /[?&]inline\b/
+const workerQueriesRE =
+  /(\?|&)(?:(?:worker|sharedworker|inline|url)=?(?:&|$))+/g
+
+export function splitWorkerRequest(id: string): {
+  file: string
+  postfix: string
+} {
+  const { file, postfix } = splitFileAndPostfix(id)
+  if (!postfix || postfix[0] !== '?') {
+    return { file, postfix: '' }
+  }
+  return {
+    file,
+    postfix: postfix
+      .replace(workerQueriesRE, '$1')
+      .replace(trailingSeparatorRE, ''),
+  }
+}
 
 export const WORKER_FILE_ID = 'worker_file'
 const workerOutputCaches = new WeakMap<ResolvedConfig, WorkerOutputCache>()
@@ -631,8 +650,12 @@ export function webWorkerPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
             }
           }
         } else {
-          let url = await fileToUrl(this, cleanUrl(id))
-          url = injectQuery(url, `${WORKER_FILE_ID}&type=${workerType}`)
+          const { file, postfix } = splitWorkerRequest(id)
+          let url = await fileToUrl(this, file)
+          url = injectQuery(
+            `${url}${postfix}`,
+            `${WORKER_FILE_ID}&type=${workerType}`,
+          )
           urlCode = JSON.stringify(url)
         }
 
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
index 863d0ea47a7935..a80f99e609b6df 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/plugins/workerImportMetaUrl.ts
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ import type { Plugin } from '../plugin'
 import { evalValue, injectQuery, transformStableResult } from '../utils'
 import { createBackCompatIdResolver } from '../idResolver'
 import type { ResolveIdFn } from '../idResolver'
-import { cleanUrl, slash } from '../../shared/utils'
+import { cleanUrl, slash, splitFileAndPostfix } from '../../shared/utils'
 import type { WorkerType } from './worker'
 import {
   WORKER_FILE_ID,
@@ -234,9 +234,11 @@ export function workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
           s ||= new MagicString(code)
           const workerType = await getWorkerType(code, cleanString, endIndex)
           const url = rawUrl.slice(1, -1)
+          const { file: urlWithoutPostfix, postfix } = splitFileAndPostfix(url)
+          const queryPostfix = postfix[0] === '?' ? postfix : ''
           let file: string | undefined
-          if (url[0] === '.') {
-            file = path.resolve(path.dirname(id), url)
+          if (urlWithoutPostfix[0] === '.') {
+            file = path.resolve(path.dirname(id), urlWithoutPostfix)
             file = slash(tryFsResolve(file, fsResolveOptions) ?? file)
           } else {
             workerResolver ??= createBackCompatIdResolver(config, {
@@ -244,11 +246,11 @@ export function workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
               tryIndex: false,
               preferRelative: true,
             })
-            file = await workerResolver(this.environment, url, id)
+            file = await workerResolver(this.environment, urlWithoutPostfix, id)
             file ??=
-              url[0] === '/'
-                ? slash(path.join(config.publicDir, url))
-                : slash(path.resolve(path.dirname(id), url))
+              urlWithoutPostfix[0] === '/'
+                ? slash(path.join(config.publicDir, urlWithoutPostfix))
+                : slash(path.resolve(path.dirname(id), urlWithoutPostfix))
           }
 
           if (
@@ -282,7 +284,7 @@ export function workerImportMetaUrlPlugin(config: ResolvedConfig): Plugin {
             } else {
               builtUrl = await fileToUrl(this, cleanUrl(file))
               builtUrl = injectQuery(
-                builtUrl,
+                `${builtUrl}${queryPostfix}`,
                 `${WORKER_FILE_ID}&type=${workerType}`,
               )
             }
diff --git a/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts b/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
index 779020aaa0fda9..d3856602ebe2eb 100644
--- a/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
+++ b/packages/vite/src/node/utils.ts
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ const internalPrefixes = [
   ENV_PUBLIC_PATH,
 ]
 const InternalPrefixRE = new RegExp(`^(?:${internalPrefixes.join('|')})`)
-const trailingSeparatorRE = /[?&]$/
+export const trailingSeparatorRE: RegExp = /[?&]$/
 export const isImportRequest = (url: string): boolean => importQueryRE.test(url)
 export const isInternalRequest = (url: string): boolean =>
   InternalPrefixRE.test(url)